Study on Guizhou’s Community-based Drug Rehabilitation and Recovery Model from the Perspective of Public Governance (8)

In traditional drug rehabilitation mode, the government usually exercises the power as the single main body, and puts drug addicts to rehabilitation centers or labor camps to receive compulsory rehabilitation. Such a drug rehabilitation mode can produce positive effects on drug rehabilitation in a short period, but in the long run, it can not ensure the complete physical and psychological detoxification of drug addicts, so the relapse rate cannot be reduced. In the “Sunshine Project” mode, although the government still plays a leading role in community-based drug rehabilitation as policy makers and planner for drug rehabilitation work, the establishment of a series of “sunshine enterprises” as the results of the introduction of market mechanism are the basic guarantee for realizing the job placement for drug rehabilitation and recovery personnel proposed by the government. These drug rehabilitation and recovery personnel can master skills and gain income through participating in market competition, so as to rebuild the confidence of living and gradually live as normal people. Meanwhile, part of social forces are also included into the “Sunshine Project” mode. Even if the civil society still plays a relatively weak role, social forces in some collective placement points, such as the Sunshine Employment Home in Huaxi District, Guiyang, play an irreplaceable role as the important governance main body to promote community-based drug rehabilitation. In the Sunshine Employment Home in Huaxi District, the volunteers of “sunshine mothers” not only provide daily psychological consultation for drug rehabilitation and recovery personnel, but also organize them to take part in various recreational and sports activities, bringing love and care to them.

Secondly, the governance way transforms from power centralization to democracy. In diversified public governance system, the government does not solely make decisions, but will coordinate with private departments and public citizens, to make democratic and scientific decision, and effectively manage public affairs together. Moreover, the government also encourages the market and social organizations to participate in providing public products and services. In accordance with the natures and characteristics of different public products and services, the government assigns a part of the public products and services to be provided by the market and social organizations, so as to improve public resource allocation efficiency. The diversified service supply in public governance mode is actually a process of participation by the society to the government and public affairs, representing a certain degree of “power return.” The process is actually a presentation of democratization. In “Sunshine Project” mode, although many decisions and orders are still made by the government, “sunshine enterprises”, as well as the community volunteers and volunteers have a certain degree of power on the management on community-based drug rehabilitation and recovery personnel. The “sunshine enterprises” have the power to decide how to manage and arrange the working time and technical process for drug rehabilitation and recovery personnel, how to provide employment training for them, and how to absorb new drug rehabilitation and recovery personnel. In the negotiations with the government, as “sunshine enterprises” are director providers of posts and supporting management services, entrepreneurs usually have certain negotiation capabilities, and can put forward requirements to the government such as funding support, land leasing, and premise construction, and suggestions about the promotion of the “Sunshine Project.” Therefore, in the promotion of the “Sunshine Project,” these “sunshine enterprises” restrict a part of the government’s power, to make the government’s decision making and the specific implementation of the “Sunshine Project” more democratic.