A new series of sex education textbooks for elementary school students has triggered a fierce debate in cyberspace and beyond, with supporters praising the books for “promoting correct sexual knowledge,” while opponents criticize them for “barefaced eroticism.”

The textbooks, titled “Cherish Life,” are designed for students between first and sixth grade. First published by Beijing Normal University Publishing Group in 2010, the books contain graphic illustrations of genitals and sexual intercourse, as well as introductions to sensitive topics including sexual orientation, sexual harassment and gender equity.

The books’ straightforward presentation has upset many parents, who believe that such “erotic” knowledge should not be taught to underaged students.

“I myself would blush looking at those erotic pictures,” wrote one parent on Sina Weibo.

In addition to the controversial illustrations, the book has also received criticism for its “avant-garde” attitude toward certain topics relating to sex. Many parents have stated that their children should not have access to such knowledge.

“The books preach that homosexuality is normal, and that people should respect different sexual orientations. I don’t think such knowledge should be introduced to kids, as they are still too young to understand the issues,” another parent posted on Sina Weibo.

But many people have expressed support for the books as well, arguing that such texts can teach children proper sexual knowledge, allowing them to defend themselves against sex crimes.

“China has long been considered a conservative country where talking about sex is taboo, especially among children. Such closed-minded and backward attitudes have led to a lack of sexual knowledge, leaving kids helpless when facing sexual crimes. Parents should stop interpreting the books with their adult perspectives,” wrote another netizen.

In response to public concern over the books, Liu Wenli, editor-in-chief of Beijing Normal University Publishing Group, has released a statement defending the books. Liu argues that the illustrations and content posted by some netizens online have been taken out of context and do not accurately reflect the purpose of the books.

“We hope sexual knowledge, along with other scientific knowledge, can be naturally and accurately taught to our kids... Sexual crimes targeting children frequently take place in China, and they remind us of the importance of promoting sexual education among elementary school students,” the announcement read.

According to Thepaper.cn, the publisher spent nine years compiling the text, gathering opinions from both experts and parents. The books require teachers to receive professional training before delivering related lectures. Extra materials and resources designed for parents will be published soon.