Official statistics show that China has about 1.2 million emergencies every year, resulting in at least 200,000 deaths and 1.7 million serious injuries. "The culture of safety education is lacking among Chinese people. For example, do people read the safety notices when they stay in a hotel room?" Qin said.

In 2014, a nationwide survey about safety procedures in the event of fire found that awareness of the locations of safety exits and routes in crowded spaces was extremely low.

"People must learn some basic principles in case disasters occur in public places," Qin said.

"My first point is that it's better not to go to overcrowded places, but if you do, take extra care around areas such as steps, bridges, crossroads, and near large advertising hoardings, where stampedes are most likely to happen."

The stampede on the Bund occurred at steps near Chen Yi Square and at a nearby cross-road.

"Another essential is to have a good understanding of the safety routes or equipment when you go to an unfamiliar place. You should know the location of safe zones before joining the crowds," Qin said.

"However, I don't agree with canceling all large celebrations or events just because of one accident. 'Once bitten, twice shy' is not an appropriate response. What we need to do is learn the lessons," he said.