China adopts law on Antarctic activities and environmental protection

BEIJING, Nov. 6 (Xinhua) -- Chinese lawmakers on Friday voted to adopt a law on Antarctic activities and environmental protection, which will take effect on Jan. 1, 2027.

Passed at a session of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the law has seven chapters, covering general provisions, Antarctic activity permits, Antarctic environmental protection, inspection, observation and examination, safeguards and supervision, legal liabilities, and supplementary provisions.

Under the law, China will strengthen the management of Antarctic expedition activities. Those seeking permits for expeditions, tourism or shipping will be required to submit multiple documents, including activity plans and environmental impact assessments, to the authorities.

Those conducting activities in Antarctica should protect local animals and plants, properly handle and dispose of waste, and prevent marine pollution in a bid to avoid or minimize adverse environmental impacts, according to the law.

The law also sets out penalties for violations committed during Antarctic activities.

China has been committed to the peaceful use of Antarctica and the protection of its environment and ecosystems since joining the Antarctic Treaty in the 1980s. The country has built five research stations on the continent.

In May, China completed its 42nd Antarctic expedition, following a voyage that began in November 2025. The expedition yielded significant results in ecological surveys, including comprehensive investigations in the Cosmonaut Sea and the Amundsen Sea.

The law states that China will enhance its capacity for safe access to and from Antarctica, as well as scientific research and peaceful uses of the region. The country will safeguard the security of its activities, assets and other interests in Antarctica, as well as the lawful rights and interests of Chinese citizens, legal persons and unincorporated organizations.