Former Russian prime minister Yevgeny Primakov has arrived in Baghdad on a confidential mission, diplomatic sources said in Baghdad on Sunday.
The mission of the Russian envoy from President Vladimir Putin is expected to focus on how to defuse the current Iraqi crisis as the United States is piling up its threats to attack Iraq.
Russia has maintained that the Iraqi issue should be resolved peacefully through the United Nations.
The 73-year-old Primakov, who is a specialist in Arab affairs, has been well known for his close ties to Iraqi President Saddam Hussein.
He warned in January that a war on Iraq could lead the world to serious consequences and divide the international community.
The United States repeatedly accuses Iraq of secretly pursuing weapons of mass destruction programs and threatened to take military actions preemptively if Iraq fails to disarm itself.