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NPC Motions, Proposals of Top Advisory Body
Following is a definition of motions of the National People's Congress (NPC) and proposals of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
NPC motions are put forward by NPC deputies or relevant departments to the NPC. According to the Constitution, NPC deputies and members of the NPC Standing Committee have the right to table motions on issues within the power of the NPC through procedures in accordance with law.
According to Organic Law of the NPC and NPC rules for the discharging of its duties, the presidium of the NPC, the Standing Committee of the NPC, the State Council, the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, a provincial-level delegation (of deputies) to the NPC or a group of NPC deputies numbering 30 or above have the right to raise motions to the NPC on issues within the power of the NPC. Afterwards, the NPC presidium decides if a motion is to be included in the agenda of an NPC session, or a motion is first handed over for examination to a sub-committee, which is to suggest to the presidium whether or not it is to be included in the agenda.
A motion, after examination by NPC deputies at full meetings or panels, will be transferred by the presidium to a sub-committee for further examination. Afterwards, the motion will be handed over to a general session of all NPC deputies for a vote. Adoption requires a simple majority of all deputies voting in favor.
Members of the CPPCC National Committee put forward proposals to offer comments and suggestions on major political and social issues of the country.
For the presentation of a proposal, there is no restriction on timing, scope and number of sponsoring members.
Generally, members can raise a proposal in one of the following ways:
-- By one member or a group of members;
-- By one or more groups jointly, when the CPPCC National Committee is in session;
-- In the name of a party or non-government group that has joined the CPPCC;
-- In the name of a sub-committee of the CPPCC National Committee.
A department in charge of handling proposals is obliged to give reply to each proposal.
The difference between an NPC motion and a proposal of the CPPCC National Committee is that as the NPC is the country's top law-making body, an NPC motion becomes law when it is adopted; while a proposal of the CPPCC National Committee cannot become law since it is the country's top advisory body.
In addition, an NPC motion is usually raised when the NPC is in session; but members of the CPPCC National Committee can raise proposals at any time they wish.
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