During the reign by the bourgeoisie revolutionary party, as well as the Yuan Shikai Period, the anti-opium policies and measures of the "second anti-opium period" developed at the end of the Qing Dynasty were basically adopted. The Treaty signed with the British Government to ban "Indian opium" continued to be effective.
After Yuan Shikai's death, the Central Government of Republic of China was control by Anhui clique, Zhili clique and Fengtian clique of the Northern Warlord successively. China soon fell into disarray of rival regions and feuding warlords. Although the Central Government clearly announced the Anti-drug law, in fact, the planting, making, trafficking, and taking of opium were publicly flourishing. The almost eliminated drug problem made a comeback in the early years of the republic of china.
The anti-opium history of the Central Government of Republic of China indicated that to restrain the scourge of opium, we not only needed a well-designed and complete anti-drug legislation, but more importantly, a firm attitude to ban opium. In the semi-colonial and semi-feudal old China, the "National Government" representing only a handful of people's interests, including the landlords and the political representatives of the comprador bourgeoisie under the control of the imperialism, couldn't adhere to the anti-drug campaign consistently.
Facts proved the predications that "China's anti-opium issues being associated with the well-being of the government" put forward by Sun Yat-sen in his later years is quite correct. At that time, it was absolutely impossible for the old government representing the interests of the landlord and comprador bourgeoisie to ban drugs in China. Only by overthrowing the reactionary old government and building a good government to serve the people, can we solve the drug problem. Hence, the important and historic task of narcotics control fell on the shoulders of the new people's political power under the leadership of the Communist Party.
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